Advantage of Fiber Optics

The benefit of using light and fiber optics are:

1.Tremendous bandwidth and consequent high data rates are easily achieved.An optical fiber system can easily support 100MBytes/sec,* advanced system are carrying beyond 1 Gbits/sec.

2.The light pulses travel entirely within the fiber.They cause no interference,known as electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference(RFI),in adjacent wire cables or optical fibers.

3.The optical fiber system is also immune to nearby signal and EMI/RFI,regardless of interference magnitude.An optical fiber placed next to an operating multi-megawatt transmitter will perform as if the transmitter were turned off.There is also no interference from adjacent optical fibers.

4.There is complete electrical isolation between   ends of the link.This eliminates ground loops(current that flows between two circuit ground when they are not really at the same potential,although they should be so ideally),which affect performance as well as the danger of shock at one end if there  is a misconnection   or failure at the other end.

5.Fiber optics systems are secure from unauthorized listeners.Since the light energy stay entirely within the fiber,the only way to intercept the signal is to tap physically into the line;there is no radiated energy field to intercept.Taps are difficult to accomplish physically,and a tap in the line causes a loss in the signal power that is easily detected.

6.Since there is no electric energy present,fiber optics can be used wherever there is danger of explosion from sparking.

7.The weight and bulk of a fiber optics cable is much less than the equivalent wire cable for the same effective bandwidth and number of users.A single coaxial cable weight about 6 kg.A single fiber optics system easily handle 1,344 two-way conversations with one optical fiber for each direction in one standard telephone system implementation.

*.Because optical fiber transmission system required fewer repeated,they are less subject to equipment breakdown.The fibers themselves are virtually immune to deterioration by natural environmental factors.In fact,a fiber cable is unlikely to be made inoperative except  by accidental or malicious mechanical invasion.It is now predetermined that the optical components of light-wave transmission system have a practical lifetime of at least 20 to 30 years.All of these factors combine to make optical system highly reliable  and their maintenance simpler and less costly than communication systems of other types with comparable information handling capability.