A Languages in which each statement is directly translated into a single machine code is known as low-level language.Examples of the low-level language are machine language and the assembly language of various processors. the basic problem of an assembly language is that it is more closely related to the structure of a computer than to the performance of the task which is to be performed.The programmer spends more time in manipulating registers and considering instruction sequence than solving actual problems.The programmer must have very detailed knowledge of the instruction set,architecture and connection of peripherals to the ports etc.
To overcome the difficulties associated with assembly language high-level or procedure-oriented language have been developed.High-level languages permit programmers to describe tasks in a form which is problem oriented or object oriented rather than computer oriented. One can formulate problem more efficiently in a high-level language and need not have a precise knowledge of the architecture of the computer he is using.
The instructions written in a high-level language are called statement.The statements more clearly resemble English and mathematics as compared to mnemoincs in assembly language.Example of high-level languages are BASIC,PASCAL,FORTRAN,COBOL,ALGOL,C,C++,PROLOG, LISP, SNOBOL,etc. A high-level language is independent of a computer.
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