INTRODUCTION
A motor is a machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.The d.c motor is very similar to a d.d generator in construction.Generations are usually operated in more protected locations and therefore their construction is generally of the open type.On the other hand,motors are generally used in locations where they are exposed to dust,moisture,fumes and mechanical damage.Thus,motors requires protective enclosures for example,drip-proof,fire-proof etc.,according to the requirements.
MOTOR PRINCIPLE
When a conductor carrying current is put in a magnetic field,a force is produced on it.The effect of placing a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field . Let us consider one such conductor placed in a slot of armature and suppose that it acted upon by the magnetic field from a north pole of the motor.By applying left-hand rule it is found the conductor has a tendency to move to the left-hand side.since the conductor is in a slot on the circumference of the rotor,the force Fc acts in a tangential direction to the rotor.Thus, a torque(turning effect) is developed on the rotor.similar torques are produced on all the rotor conductors.since the rotor is free to move,it starts rotating in the anticlockwise direction.
The torque produced on the rotors is transferred to the shaft of the rotor and can be utilized to drive a mechanical load.
BACK E.M.F.
When the motor armature rotates,its conductors cut the magnetic flux.Therefore,the e.m.f of rotation Er is induced in them.In case of a motor,the e.m.f of rotation is known as back e.m.f. or counter e.m.f.The back e.m.f opposes the applied voltage.Since the back e.mf. is induced due to generator action its magnitude is,therefore,given by the same expression as that for the generator e.m.f.in a d.c generator.That is,
E=(NPϕZ)/60A
where the symbols have their usual meanings.
A motor is a machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.The d.c motor is very similar to a d.d generator in construction.Generations are usually operated in more protected locations and therefore their construction is generally of the open type.On the other hand,motors are generally used in locations where they are exposed to dust,moisture,fumes and mechanical damage.Thus,motors requires protective enclosures for example,drip-proof,fire-proof etc.,according to the requirements.
MOTOR PRINCIPLE
When a conductor carrying current is put in a magnetic field,a force is produced on it.The effect of placing a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field . Let us consider one such conductor placed in a slot of armature and suppose that it acted upon by the magnetic field from a north pole of the motor.By applying left-hand rule it is found the conductor has a tendency to move to the left-hand side.since the conductor is in a slot on the circumference of the rotor,the force Fc acts in a tangential direction to the rotor.Thus, a torque(turning effect) is developed on the rotor.similar torques are produced on all the rotor conductors.since the rotor is free to move,it starts rotating in the anticlockwise direction.
The torque produced on the rotors is transferred to the shaft of the rotor and can be utilized to drive a mechanical load.
BACK E.M.F.
When the motor armature rotates,its conductors cut the magnetic flux.Therefore,the e.m.f of rotation Er is induced in them.In case of a motor,the e.m.f of rotation is known as back e.m.f. or counter e.m.f.The back e.m.f opposes the applied voltage.Since the back e.mf. is induced due to generator action its magnitude is,therefore,given by the same expression as that for the generator e.m.f.in a d.c generator.That is,
E=(NPϕZ)/60A
where the symbols have their usual meanings.
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